(Non-absence) of a name

Of ceremonials

Of membership in a unit

M.I.R. categories & a notion of ‘absence’

Located via ‘order of relevance’

“Let's talk about there being, for some collection of classes, an ' order of relevancy' with respect to categories. It seems that a set of circumstances can provide that order of relevancy for some membership class.”

Of greetings

Of ‘getting caught’

Of greetings

Via ‘rounds’

Via ‘invariably relevant’ items

Via a set of categories

Vis-à-vis children’s games

“I don’t do X”

Via utterance pairs

People’s orientation to what they’re missing…via absence of something to say

Greetings vis-à-vis ‘noticeable absence’

Greetings vis-à-vis ‘noticeable absence’

Introductions can be ‘notably absent’

Discriminativeness necessary in reporting ‘what I didn’t do’.

“After 25 years” of what?

Lifting ‘transition relevance’; on somebody’s completion nobody talks and talk is not ‘absent’

Invitation to come over and ‘talk’ provides for an absence (at least ‘dinner’)

Re. prefaces as independent of what they precede.

Accountable actions

Accountable actions

Getting an account via correction-invitation device

Classes of accounts

A3N  = “Account apparently appropriate, negativer”

Accountable actions

The problem of  ‘giving an account for silence’

Among “competing facts”, the one with an explanation did occur.

Explaining away an asserted rule

“Stereotyped” statements as ‘explanations’

An explanation is the explanation; layers of accounts

Correction-invitation: a ‘possibly good account’

An explanation is the explanation

Explanation of another’s position via some membership category

In therapy, routinely usable explanations can be “just about irrelevant”

‘Causally efficacious’ categories (usable to formulate explanations)

‘How they got it’ explanation of imitation

What would a scientific account look like?

Why say that now? Accounted for by talk to raised topics

Why say that? Why now? Accounted for by its having been understood.

Category-bound action & its category explain why something happened: they do that.

Rejecting the fact via rejecting the explanation: UFOs, the Dobu

“This place costs too much money” to explain hole in shoe.

Public vs. private accounts of sadness at a tragedy

Delicate relationship between problem and explanation (blind lady – Brad Crandall)

Why say this now?  Accounted for via adjacency pair sequencing

“I did”

“Consecutive” utterances

“Adjacency relationship between utterances”

Placement and “adjacency relationship”

“Adjacency placing”… “ ‘utterance pairs’ ”

‘Greetings’ as “adjacency pairs”

Adjacency pairs: Scope of operation

Distribution rule for adjacency pairs

The relating power of adjacency

Jokes as ‘unaffiliated’

Re. “We”

Re. A maxim or rule

As ‘military man’

“My” in its ‘affiliative’ use

“We’ve told you that”

“My” in its ‘affiliative’ use

“ ‘Well’ signals disagreement”

Of a stock of stories, you remember the one that ‘agreed with the one you were told.

Agreement via “a same story,” disagreement via “a story which has you in a different position”

Slaves requiredly agree with masters

Claiming vs. proving agreement

Alternative sets of categories available for any population of persons

‘Company’ as a ‘general alternative category’

‘Company’

Alternative strategies: getting away with it vs. tempting enforcers

Alternative categorical formulations

Personal- Impersonal

Alternative categories

Proper alternative sequences

Serious alternatives /  alternation classes

Alternative identifications

Alternative identifications

Alternative identifications

“Alternative meanings for a word”

“Systematic differences in sorts of machinery invoked [for] doing warnings”

“Complaining and applauding stand in some strong alternation to each other”

Alternative names for the same car

Scope of a set of alternatives

Alternative names of cars; teenager / hotrodder

Alternative name of cars

Alternative measuring systems

‘Alternation category: ‘company’

Dilemma: either alternative is ‘bad’

Doctor / patient: stranger / stranger (Freud)

Legal-illegal / counts-doesn’t count

Macro / micro: Catholicism / Protestantism

Vowel / consonant in first words; simple alternating actions in first games

Legal-illegal / counts-doesn’t count

Fantasy-reality theory – practical efficacy

‘Doctor’ / ‘just a somebody’

Consequences of alternative answers

More alternativeness vs. oriented-to contrast-class

Alternative temporal references

Characterizations of persons...are in principle selections from alternatives.

Alternative formulations of a topic

‘Save’ vs. ‘unsafe’ compliments / ‘female’ vs. ‘male’

Alternative sequences

“Why did you do X?” vs. “Why the hell did you do X?”

Abstract vs. concrete talk

‘Precise’ vs. ‘approximate’ Temporal references

Public vs. private accounts of sadness at a tragedy

Alternative formulations for expressing position on reported event (“he had to go” vs. “he said he had to go”)

Alternative name-types

Alternative formulations of a person (“he,” “Mr. Jones,” “her husband”)

‘Stranger’ as an alternative formulation

“…some identities, both of which are correct, can stand in an alternation relationship to each other.”

‘We were going to [do X] but [A&B], so we [did Y]?’ “Question: Why put I a rejected alternative?” Re. proposing ‘normalness and variance’

Wanted vs. unwanted possible Christmas gifts “I didn’t want an [X], I want a [Y] or a [Z].”

“The oldest one in the class” does not have as its set of alternatives the “obvious semantic” set; i.e. positions of age.  Rather, e.g., “Are you the only black executive at [X] company?” (Methodological consideration here)

Alternative types of answers

‘You’ as ‘systematically ambiguous’

in warnings

Who is “the guy”?

Stage of life? family? (“baby”)

Stage of life? family? (“baby”)

Stage of life? family? (“baby”)

 “We”

‘You’ as ‘systematically ambiguous’

‘Nice kid’ / ‘hotrodder’

‘Not many people get picked up’

‘The baby cried’; the criminal confessed / the Catholic confessed.

Sequentialized ambiguity: serious or joke?

‘You’ as ambiguous

Re. obscene puns

Re. sounds of sex

Agency / client

And usability of ‘normal’

Adequate for checking out a noticing

Re. seeing what has happened in a story one has only heard part of. (“Didn’t you smack her one?”)

Re. “Didn’t you smack her one.”

Re. organizing greetings & introduction

How “I will be seen by somebody unknown to me personally…”

Between drivers, re. “How do you drive?”

Seeing someone ‘imitating’

General statement

In children’s games

Across cultures (games)

Vis-à-vis “How are you?”

Vis-à-vis “How are you?”

Controlling impressions for whomsoever

Taxes as anybody’s complaint

Greetings routinely done by people who are otherwise unacquainted

Making one’s mind available to anonymous persons who encounter you

Caring what anonymous people think of you

Pedestrian-driver communication

You should tell your friends a story in the same way “anybody should tell it to anybody”

“The rules of conversation are designed for anonymous parties”

Utterly conventional characterization in telling of an “intimate” problem: “there’s a way in which the story is about nobody in particular.”

Re. Job’s Problem

Raymond [One Boy’s Day] and Adam

Being seen as, e.g., ‘a hotrodder’

Useability of, to create a false appearance (Button-Button)

‘Appearance verbs’

Arranging to be seen in a “characteristic appearance”

Argument → name-calling

The ‘unclean hands’ argument, etc.

Position markers “I still say though…”

 Position markers “I still say though…”

Communist vs. Republican / ‘people like us’ vs. ‘people like us’.

Locational marker “I still say though…”

Violation → Argument

Argument re. whether New Pike is “depressing” or not.

It’s a characteristically known thing that talk on any topic can “end up in an argument”

(and ‘decomposing’)

(assembling potential description)

Person’s technique for assessing possible correctness of offered solutions to their problems.

(Same phenomena as ‘base environment’ but not so referred to)

Cry Wolf, missiles, etc.

Exhibiting the believability or not of another’s reported talk (e.g. “he had to go” vs. “he said he had to go”)

“He said he went to acting school with Kirk Douglas.  And I believe him.” (Here, he pre-positions “Nice looking guy” - cf. e.g. W ’70 Lecture 7 pp. 274-276 Re. pre-positioned characterizations, etc.)

‘Suspension of disbelief’

“How do you believe your brain?” (cat dream)

Job’s Problem

Bible study as a model

Job’s Problem

Adam

Abraham the Hebrew

Abraham the Hebrew

Job’s Problem

Ten Commandments / Hittite vassalage agreements

“That it may go well with thee…”

Lot’s Warning Re. Sodom & Gomorrah

(Dealing with ‘odd’ suicides)

(Kids testing Class I [causal] rules / Class II [normative] rules)

(“A stream of odd ones”)

(Dealing with possible suicides)

M.I.R.

‘Categorizing the categorizer’

“Normal”

M.I.R.

And ‘reliability’

M.I.R. ; ‘imitation’

M.I.R. “classes & their categories permit you to see”

A categorizing B, gets a sense of C. (cf. Lecture 6 above, p. 45:             ‘Categorizing the categorizer’ and Schegloff’s Introduction, p. xxxiv)

Inference = (among other things), categorizing an event one has not seen.

‘We’ can refer to a category

‘Company’ as a ‘general alternation category’

‘Company’

Category-bound activities

‘Character appears on cue’

Category-bound activities

Category assigned to a position being esposed

‘Returning spirits…’ as a category for handling strangers

Alternative categorical formulation

Categorical use of “the mommy”

‘Membership categorization device’

Category-bound activities

Membership categorization device

Category-bound activities

Category-bound activities

Category-bound activities

Locating appropriate set of categories

Category-bound activities / identification

Vis-à-vis identification

Vis-à-vis identification

Vis-à-vis omni-relevant devices

Vis-à-vis ‘cover identifications’

Vis-à-vis identification; relational pair

‘Membership categorization device”

Category-bound activities

‘Positioned’ categories

Categories aren’t persons; ‘family’ device

‘Hotrodders’ as a revolutionary category

‘Nice kid’

If you look like someone who does X, then what you’re doing is X.

Vis-à-vis identification

Position in an argument as category-bound

Alternative category: ‘company’

Cops, teachers, etc.: “a special class of people” vis-à-vis teenagers; for “giving lip back”

Doctor / patient vs. stranger / stranger (in Freud)

‘Causally efficacious’ categories (usable to formulate explanations)

Re. social sciences using Members’ devices to formulate its accounts

(cf. Lecture 04b. pp. 295, 299)

Male-female (safe compliments)

Selection problem for social scientists

Inverse to category-bound activities (imitation).

Members categorization devices in children’s games

Categories in children’s games

Omni-relevant device, patient-therapist

Invokability of ‘patient-therapist’

Category-bound ‘correctness’

Class: ‘proper conversationalists’

Class: ‘non-proper conversationalists’

Classes: Personal States and Value States

‘Doctor’ vs. ‘just a somebody’

‘Stereotypes’ as valuable

Critique of ‘category-bound activities’

Proving that something is a ‘category-bound activity’

‘Positioned’ categories

An important use of ‘category-bound activities’

Category ‘partitioning’

‘Omni-relevant’ category collection

Category ‘partitioning’

‘Category-bound’ topic: automobile discussion

Vis-à-vis expressing an opinion

Focusing on a relevant identity category via “he”

Categorical vs. personal reference via “we” / “they”

Attention to ‘topic’ via co-class membership (e.g. cigars and pipes)

‘Negro woman’ vs. ‘employee’

Interruption as a case of the class rudeness

“Characteristic” way of doing ‘member’ talk

Set of people by reference to ‘male-female’

Vis-à-vis determining what an action done by A to B is doing to C.

Partitioned categories

‘Patients / observers’ as ‘performers / audience’

Partitioned categories

Producing “a correct sequence of actions for some set [of categorized terms].”

“Higher ranked person can correct.”

“‘They’ is in principle a pronoun not for plurals but for categories…”

Stranger-stranger interaction during disaster / tragedy

A class: “1st Stories”; a class: “2nd Stories”

Host / guest vis-à-vis complainables

Caller / Called

Service personnel doing a job vs. “stranger” being “bothered”

A “crucially ‘mother-daughter’ interaction”

The ‘mother-daughter’ joke

A ‘rational’ ‘father’ and ‘emotional’ ‘mother’: Adequate characterizations (Verges in categorical-bound activities.)

“The oldest one in the class” as a ‘unique position’, akin to “the only (cop, Negro, woman) in the class.”

‘Caller-Answer-Called’ etc.

Pone-call ‘answerer’, etc. as “categories and not merely the person they are”

“Whole classes of types of relationships in social structural terms, employers / employees, etc., are characterized by admitting beginnings [of conversation] and no more; specifically not admitting transforms of beginnings into first topics.”

‘Causally bound’ relationships

Azande vs. us.

Private calendars: ‘causally powerful’

Children and Class I, II rules

 A phenomenon? Or statistical chance? (Miracles, psychic research)

‘Causally efficacious’ categories

“How are you?” “Fine”, etc.

Jokes, games, performances

Re. “holding the floor”

‘An evening together’ as “a ceremony of some sort.”

(and Negroes: imitation)

(and infantile adults: “X told me to”)

(and Class I and II rule)

(Unentitled wisdom as ‘error’)

(and a ‘minimal conversation’)

(Learning ‘potential description’)

(First lie)

and subversions

Children’s speech (‘buildups’)

and Warnings (see Class I, II Rules, pp. 78-79)

‘Teenager’ vs. ‘hot rodder’

Use of “it”: pronouns available

Use of “the mommy”: family device

Restricted rights to talk → “You know what?”

“Competence to lie” / building stories

Restricted rights to talk

Restricted rights to talk

‘Build-ups’

Button-Button

Use of expanded ‘family’ device

Kid recognizing a ‘possessitive’

Children’s culture

Children’s vocabularies

 Games: legal / illegal

Children’s memory for correct speech

When children begin systematically to lie

Kids learn ‘programmatic relevance’ early

Preparing for ‘adult roles’

Two children of the British autocracy

Kids’ play with language involves specific attention to ‘the formal features of a language’.

Children “rather well attuned to the pre-sequence phenomena.”

Young child doing paraphrasing.

Children have strong place-memory

Children’s puzzlement re. sounds of sex

Children’s encounters with scope of application of rules.

No generic way to close a conversation

Closing an insult sequence (“Face the music”)

A story close / built as an ending

A story close / proper ending

Withdrawing from an insult sequence (“Face the Music”)

Closing an insult sequence with “Thank you”

Closing a call with reintroduced reason for call / Relationship between beginnings and closings.

Closing is collaboratively done and takes a sequence

“It’s caller’s business to find a place to stick in a possible closing.”

SPC:NYE call closing

“Calleds are ‘forced’ off the phone: ‘I’ve got to go do something,’ Callers ‘offer’ to get off the phone: ‘I’m holding up your line’…that…suggests that it is Caller’s business to get off the phone first, Calleds doing it in extremis.”

“I have a large collection of these conversations”

“In my materials, again and again [X occurs].”

“We’re talking about objects that can be found elsewhere

“Recurrently in these conversations [X occurs].  And…I have things from police reports where [X occurs].

“Persons who [do X] talk about themselves routinely as [Y].”

“Routinely if you look at [X conversations] they begin like [Y].

“I came across a very frequently recurring kind of statement.”

“A recurrent thing I’ve seen throughout their stuff is…”

“One of the things reported about persons who [do X] is [Y].

“Most people, when [X occurs], will say [Y].”

“These things are not only recurrent, but…they do work...”

“Again and again we find that [X occurs].”

[The more material you have at your command, the more you ought to be able to…see…recurrence.  But the way to proceed is item by item.”

“I came across [X] several times in the telephone conversation I’ve been analyzing.”

“There is…a whole large bunch of [X statements].”

60 first lines of ‘pickups’; “more than 50 were questions.”

“Recurrently in these conversations [X occurs]”

“Maybe it just happened that time.  Not so. Recurrently [X occurs].”

“Suicidal persons recurrently say [X].”

(Re.  “basic assumption, which could have been wrong”: “But…I know that people can do this, I’ve watched it many times...[But] it could have been the case that everybody came back and said, ‘No, I never saw that happen.’  And that’s possible.  It might be something that’s dying out.  A thing our forefathers had.  Like God.”

“I got 60 first lines [of ‘pickups’], of which just under 60 were questions.  What I had wanted to be saying [to the class], and which they could see once they had these collections, was…”

“Homans’ procedure for starting a book is one of the most recurrent you’ll find”

4 cases of a procedure: “It’s absolutely routinely used.”

(Re. “you”) “I have a lot of very subtle usages.” “Those kinds of uses are recurrent”

(Re. not recognizing moves of a non-member) “That kind of thing is very regularly done for all sorts of other things.  “[Volkswagons don’t get waved at].”

“…in very different materials on finds the same [phenomenon].”

“We can get lots of examples of [X].”

“Kids around the age of three [do X].”

‘Rule detection’ via collection vs. single case

For some assertion, “provide alternative’ independent materials…”

[X] can be “dug out of such materials as we’ve got (but I take it you’d need a considerable amount to do it)…”

[X] would involve some larger corpus of materials, since [it’s] basically a statistical argument

“…some people do [X] with immense regularity.”

“…we want to ask…whether such activities…occur recurrently in the order they occur in here”

“I take it that [X] is quite formulatable and probably very recurrent.”

“And here is another, similar piece of data…”

“It’s all over the place”…”It’s seeing [various features] and then when you look back to it seeing that it’s all over the place, that I then understand, Alright now, attention has to be paid…[to X].

“We would have to check out whether such things are in fact done, so that we could see [that a move in this fragment is indeed] not legitimate, conventional, preferred, etc.”

“Indirect reference” as “the most usual ways to talk.”

“In some tape I had, I came across a statement that I’d heard before…”

Re. collaborative completions: “[I first thought] it must be quite rare, even though that they do it at all is an extremely important fact.  But it turns out to be an extremely frequent and routinely doable thing.”

“It is typically, routinely, overwhelmingly the case that…”

Floor seekers are “terribly widely used.”

“A very characteristic way to [do X] is [Y].  Here’s some cases.” (3 cases shown)

“I won’t quote cases of that sort, but I take it that one can see that it’s so.”

Re. letters sent to Governor Brown during Chessman case.  “Something like 40,000 letters, and I’ve read several hundred of them…you get one standard pattern…”

Re. 2nd stories’ intense relationship to 1sts : “What we need to do…is to watch conversations hereafter and see.”

Re. work of 2nd story: “So, for example, in other materials [X occurs].”

“[X] is not at all common, usual, done”

“[X] is an enormously common thing, and to get a sense of it as a usual piece of rhetoric, here’s a yesterday-instance of it.”

“And anybody knows that when somebody [does X they’re telling you [Y].”

“If it’s not too easy to see the point with one case, then with another

case you might be able to get a glimpse of a kind of parallel thing going on.”

“If you look at stories comparatively…”

“Answers are, with some recurrence, not sentences.”

“One might figure that [X is] incidental, so I’ll read another.  If you get two you might feel a little better.  Or you might figure it’s still just chance.”

“When I first found [X] I was absolutely awed…And then [I thought] ‘Does it ever happen?’ And we searched around and found it’s really extremely common”

“To make [X] argument you need…to have different cases so as to be able to see what is being argued. That’s why I picked two cases…and indeed it was noticing the two cases that set the whole thing up.”

“[X] is the sort of phenomenon that, given one instance you might figure it’s a very rare case, but you could collect a bunch of them in a week.”

“To come to [X notion], we need…a series of other calls in which we could say, establish ‘normal [Y]’…”

“[X phenomena] require a consideration of some collection of [Y’s]…”

“And if we find it hard to empathize with the particulars of this conversation, we might imagine other sorts of things…”

Having X phenomenon, “one could then collect various other ways that [such things] are done.”

“I find an awful lot of [X phenomenon].  And usually, once I find an awful lot of something I wonder if there isn’t something to it, and begin to develop an account of how it would happen.  Finding one, you could just say, Well, I’m being artful in finding it…”

Recommendation: “Take an object like proverbial expressions.  Subject them to a distributional investigation to see what’s done with them.”

“A common recurrence in a word misuse is [X]…” It happens that I have lots of materials involving these people and it’s a very common thing for [X and Y to occur]

It doesn’t particularly add all that much to these materials that that’s so…”

“A typical kind of incompletion which won’t get completed by someone else: where you’re…going to report on something obscene.”

“Routinely the materials used in a punch line involve [X]…”

“I saw this [datum] and began to puzzle about it by virtue of having had such an experience…it occurred to me that there was good reason to think that it might be an instance of the same thing.”

“Characteristically stories begin with something that we call a ‘story preface’…[which is] typically a sentence [like X]…”

“If you look at [X event], it turns out that this [Y occurrence] is not at all odd.”

“We would want to do an investigation as to whether [X} occurs…with some interesting frequency.”

To an account

To correctness of proverbs

To what the society holds is important or sacred

To being a hotrodder

To rule-makers, enforcers, etc.

To some position / to “the special characteristics of this girl”

To a trust in ‘vision’…what one “simply sees”.

To the proper operation of your memory in conversation time

By suicidal callers, to “this world”

Asking suicidal callers to give their name is asking for a problematic sort of commitment.

To the use of observation as a basis for theorizing

To “the normal preferences”

(Equivalence of settings)

Terms within each subsets of [+] [0] [-] are treated as equivalent (Re. responding to HAY)

(Non-equivalent ‘identicals’: “Tuesday” vs. “November 11, 1967”)

(“X is just like Y”)

Constraints on to whom somebody can be compared

Second speakers for talk about (e.g. disasters as events in “our lives”) talk about them comparatively (1st speaker says X happened, 2nd says “to me too” or “not to me”, etc.), “Though the events didn’t happen comparatively.”

‘Safe’ complaints

About violations of ‘one at a time’

“You interrupted me”

“This place costs too much money.”

“You never take me anywhere”

“Wasn’t that the dirtiest place?”

A ‘fragile’ complaint (Louise’s Friday night)

Building a reasonable complaint

Having made a complaint, the complaining itself becomes the topic.

“That guy” in a complaint by wife about husband

‘Incomplete utterances’

‘Adequate complete utterances’; ‘utterance completers’

 Indicating that a sentence is not a complete utterance

Orientation to completion

Orientation to completion / complete and incomplete utterances. “transition events”

Utterance completion

Utterance completion / complete actions

‘Completion-transition points’

Recognizably complete utterances

‘Adequate complete utterance’

“First ‘possible completion’ to be treated as actual completion

Listening for ‘completion’

“Possible utterance ends”

Seeable completion of a one-word utterance

Signaling utterance completion / incompletion

Signaling utterance completion / incompletion

A greeting as an ‘adequate complete utterance’

“Next possible completion”

Story completion

Packaging one’s opinions into a story ‘what she said, what I said’, etc. giving no chance for quarrel by current coparticipants “at each sentence-end.”

Incompletion vis-à-vis obscenity

Completing another’s utterance

‘Possible completion’ via adjacency pairs

‘Safe compliment’

‘Weak, safe compliment’

‘Safe’ compliments

Compliments produced as ‘indirect quotes’ (“I just wanted to say how much I enjoyed your class this morning”)

‘Safe compliments’

“Boy there goes a great gal”

‘Safe compliments’

Complimenting person who brought you to a restaurant, instead of the chef

Vis-à-vis sarcasm

Via emphasis: “No let’s take my car.”

Contrast class ‘true-false’

In-and-out

‘Today’ as one among a contrast class: ‘time references’ vs. unique applicability

Finding a ‘deleted’ term via occurrence of its contrast: “After 25 years [of X] they got divorced.” X=marriage.

Contrast-stressing intonation

Via order of introductions

Proverbs as “correct for something”

Of a guess

‘Presumptive correctness’ of an application of a procedure (Job’s Problem)

Presumptively correct descriptions

Of a guess

‘Presumptive correctness’ of a application of a procedure (Job’s Problem)

Presumptively correct descriptions

Incidentally correct for [X]

Proverbially correct

Of some possible fact

Of “if we start out discussing, we end up fighting”

Of a statement

Of something the natives say.

Children’s monitoring of correctness in speech

Young children’s talk

Children’s correcting of errors in speech

Young children’s talk

Children’s correcting of errors in speech

Truth of a Member’s statement (“Everyone Has to Lie”)

Answers constructed by reference to a procedure’s use and not by reference to what is ‘correct’

‘Correctly’ produced hints; ‘correctly’ need not mean ‘true’.  (vis-à-vis  ‘phoney’)

Of alternative ‘correct’ temporal references, one can be appropriate, another crazy.

Of alternative ‘correct’ temporal references, one can be appropriate, another crazy.

‘Showing an intention of truth by some statement.’…‘exhibiting “correctness”.’

“Because it’s true” is irrelevant as an account.

‘Password’ answers as ‘correct’ in some independence of being true.

Correctness vs. relevance

Assessable correctness of a story

Possible correctness of a members’ formulation (“He was being very rational”)

Persons’ techniques for assessing possible correctness of an offered solution to their problem.

Listening technique for spouses: monitoring the other’s stories for its correct presentation; putting in corrections.

One “correct” identity replaced by another instead of cumulated.

Measurement Systems

Vis-à-vis pre-invitations

Vis-à-vis separation of  sexes at gatherings

How to listen to spouse’s retold stories

“That guy” in complaint by wife about husband

‘Wives’ perhaps not in full agreement with a story version (Kim: “We should have just left everything alone” and Jan: “He probably knew”)

‘Potential descriptions’: Proverbs

‘Potentially correct description’

‘Potentially correct description’

‘Possible description’ (baby cried…)

‘Possible description’ (baby cried…)

‘Possible description’ (baby cried…)

Describability

Describability of children’s games

Identification via category bound action as ‘correct description’

Describing events via that they happened in teller’s life.

Preference for ‘you know what I’m talking about’ description

Alternative descriptive verbs; e.g., ‘helping X’ vs. ‘doing’; ‘taking X to’ vs. going to’.

“Recognition-type descriptions”

Descriptions built to be ‘ordinary’

“Course-of-action” report, into which a story is placed.

Assessable correctness of a description

Descriptions vary across to whom the thing is being described

News reporter’s question on behalf of public

Instructions directed to A, hold for B, C, D

1st speaker rule regulates speaker and non-speakers

Possessive pronoun use shifts via who’s being talked to.

Instructions directed to A, hold for B, C, D. Doing X to A is doing Y to B.

Possessive pronoun use varies by reference to who is talking to whom.

Instructions directed to A, hold for B, C, D. Doing X to A is doing Y to B.

Noticing directed to the person who was just talking

‘Conversational action’: saying X about Y’s Z can be ‘flirting’, ‘insulting’, etc.

Doing X to A is doing Y to B

Greetings directed to “somebody”; to whom can be “a technical problem”.

What does a non-“direct recipient” of an utterance make of it? ; Doing X to A is doing Y to B.

Telephone answerer as ‘overhearing’ called’s feelings about called, exhibited in how caller asks answerer for called.

(‘Herring’)

Entitlement to experience

Experts’ errors

Grammatical awkwardness (“the guy’ll pick the guy up”) provides occasion for emphasis (the repeat of “dirty grubby tee shirt”)

No occasions for seeing ‘incorrect’ness

Detectable errors

Grammatical awkwardness provides for unplannedness of a rebuke.  (“I thought I could help him with supervision”)

A request for information ‘corrected to’ a pre-request (“What is – what are those, cigars?”)

Names: predictably wrongly transcribed

Tying based mis-hearings

‘Gist preserving errors’

“Roof” instead of ‘ceiling’ via a sound sequence: “room” → “roof”

Error: “roof” instead of ‘ceiling’: common occurrence: recipients focus on it and…correct it.

A piece of research: see whether if someone produces a possible error, others later exhibit that they picked up on it, though they didn’t say anything at the time.

Language errors via over-application of a rule

Cigarette-lighting

Physical co-presence → conversation

“Eye-monitoring” for speaker-selection in multi-party conversation

Physical movements prior to being introduced; timing of eye contact

Looking at speaker → noticing something about them

Re-arranging physical proximities

Noticing changes in someone’s appearance, possessions, etc. (Private calendar)

Approaching parties withholding greetings until such a point as they can achieve a greeting-only interaction.

Male doctor lighting female patient’s cigarette

Other occurrences during a ‘laughing together’: change color, move, look at each other